This series of volumes is meant to extend the scope of what we can formalize in classical predicate logic, and in doing so see the limitations of what can be done. The first section of this volume presents classical predicate logic with equality. In the second section, that logic is extended to formalize reasoning that involves adverbs and relative adjectives by viewing those as modifiers of simpler predicates. What is normally taken to be an atomic predicate, such as "barking loudly", can then have internal structure. Reasoning that involves conjunctions of terms, as in "Tom and Dick lifted the table", conjunctions of modifiers, conjunctions of predicates, and disjunctions of predicates can also be formalized by viewing them as part of the internal structure of atomic predicates. Many questions about the nature of formalizing arise in doing this. The internal structure of names is the topic of the third and last section. Names for functions are used in classical predicate logic to form complex names. In our ordinary reasoning we also use descriptions to form functions, such as "the wife of", and descriptions to form names, such as "the cat that scratched Zoe". To reason with those we can take account of their internal structure by dropping the assumption that every name must refer to a specific thing. The formal systems that are developed here are meant to help us understand how to reason well. Many worked examples show how to use them. Those examples also uncover limitations of the formal work. Throughout this series of volumes, the work proceeds by abstracting and creating formal models to formalize reasoning. By paying attention to the process of abstracting we gain insight into why we consider some reasoning to be good and some reasoning bad, and insight also into the deeper assumptions we make about the world on which our judgments rely.
Seguir leyendoexpand_more
Título : The Internal Structure of Predicates and Names
EAN : 9781938421341
Editorial : Advanced Reasoning Forum
Edad, de : 18 años
Fecha de publicación
: 31/10/18
Formato : PDF
Tamaño del archivo : 1.46 mb
Protección : Filigrane numérique
El libro electrónico The Internal Structure of Predicates and Names está en formato PDF
protegido por Filigrane numérique
- check_circle
Este eBook es compatible para su lectura en la aplicación Vivlio de iOs y Android.
- check_circle
Este eBook es compatible para leer en My Vivlio.
- check_circle
Este eBook es compatible para su lectura en el lector Vivlio.
- check_circle
Este libro electrónico es más adecuado para pantallas grandes que para las pequeñas porque no permite ajustar el tamaño de la letra.
¿Quieres leer en un eReader de otra marca? Sigue
nuestra guía.
Edición en Inglés
Conectarme
Mi cuenta