100 Obras Maestras de la Literatura Universal - format ePub

Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832-1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, published Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in 1865 and its sequel, Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, in 1871. Considered a master of the genre of literary nonsense, he is renowned for his ingenious wordplay and sense of logic, and his highly original vision.

Écrivain et psychanalyste autrichien, Sigmund Freud, "père fondateur" de la psychanlyse, est né le 6 mai 1856 à Freiberg, en Moravie (aujourd'hui Przibor, en République tchèque). Il est mort à Londres le 23 septembre 1939 à l'âge de 86 ans.

Born in Ireland in 1856, Oscar Wilde was a noted essayist, playwright, fairy tale writer and poet, as well as an early leader of the Aesthetic Movement. His plays include: An Ideal Husband, Salome, A Woman of No Importance, and Lady Windermere's Fan. Among his best known stories are The Picture of Dorian Gray and The Canterville Ghost.

William Shakespeare is the world's greatest ever playwright. Born in 1564, he split his time between Stratford-upon-Avon and London, where he worked as a playwright, poet and actor. In 1582 he married Anne Hathaway. Shakespeare died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two, leaving three children—Susanna, Hamnet and Judith. The rest is silence.

Charlotte Brontë, born in 1816, was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters, and one of the nineteenth century's greatest novelists. She is the author of Villette, The Professor, several collections of poetry, and Jane Eyre, one of English literature's most beloved classics. She died in 1855.

Emily Brontë (1818-1848) was an English novelist and poet, best remembered for her only novel, Wuthering Heights (1847). A year after publishing this single work of genius, she died at the age of thirty.

«No había nada que James hiciera como un inglés, ni tampoco como un norteamericano –ha escrito Gore Vidal -. Él mismo era su gran realidad, un nuevo mundo, una tierra incógnita cuyo mapa tardaría el resto de sus días en trazar para todos nosotros.»

Henry James nació en Nueva York en 1843, en el seno de una rica y culta familia de origen irlandés. Recibió una educación ecléctica y cosmopolita, que se desarrolló en gran parte en Europa¬. En 1875, se estableció en Inglaterra, después de publicar en Estados Unidos sus primeros relatos. El conflicto entre la cultura europea y la norteamericana está en el centro de muchas de sus obras, desde sus primera novelas, Roderick Hudson (1875), Washington Square (1880; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. CXII) o El americano (1876-1877; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. XXXIII; ALBA MINUS núm.), hasta El Eco (1888; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. LI; ALBA MINUS núm.) o La otra casa (1896; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. LXIV) y la trilogía que culmina su carrera: Las alas de la paloma (1902), Los embajadores (1903) y La copa dorada (1904; ALBA CLÁSICA MAIOR núm. II). Maestro de la novela breve y el relato, algunos de sus logros más celebrados se cuentan entre este género: Los papeles de Aspern (1888; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. CVII; ALBA MINUS núm. ), Otra vuelta de tuerca (1898), En la jaula (1898; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. III; ALBA MINUS núm. 40), Los periódicos (1903; ALBA CLÁSICA núm. XVIII) o las narraciones reunidas en Lo más selecto (ALBA CLÁSICA MAIOR núm. XXVII). Fue asimismo un brillante crítico y teórico, como atestiguan los textos reunidos en La imaginación literaria (ALBA PENSAMIENTO/CLÁSICOS núm. 8). Nacionalizado británico, murió en Londres en 1916.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1859. Before starting his writing career, Doyle attended medical school, where he met the professor who would later inspire his most famous creation, Sherlock Holmes. A Study in Scarlet was Doyle's first novel; he would go on to write more than sixty stories featuring Sherlock Holmes. He died in England in 1930.

Born in 1775, Jane Austen published four of her six novels anonymously. Her work was not widely read until the late nineteenth century, and her fame grew from then on. Known for her wit and sharp insight into social conventions, her novels about love, relationships, and society are more popular year after year. She has earned a place in history as one of the most cherished writers of English literature.

Herman Melville (1819-1891) was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet who received wide acclaim for his earliest novels, such as Typee and Redburn, but fell into relative obscurity by the end of his life. Today, Melville is hailed as one of the definitive masters of world literature for novels including Moby Dick and Billy Budd, as well as for enduringly popular short stories such as Bartleby, the Scrivener and The Bell-Tower.

Washington Irving (1783-1859) was an American author best known for his short stories Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. He is largely considered to be America's first internationally best-selling author.

William Makepeace Thackeray was born in Calcutta in 1811. He was sent to England in 1817 and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge. Following a period of gambling, unsuccessful investments and a brief career as a
lawyer, he turned to writing and drawing. In 1836 he married Isabella Shawe; following the birth of their second daughter, her mental health deteriorated and she had to be permanently supervised by a private nurse. Thackeray's first novel, Catherine, was published in 1839-40. Following the success of Vanity Fair (1847-8) he was able to devote himself to fiction, and his other notable works include Pendennis (1849), The History of Henry Esmond (1852) and The Newcomes (1855). He also edited the commercially successful Cornhill Magazine, which published writers such as Tennyson, George Eliot and Harriet Beecher Stowe. Thackeray
died suddenly on Christmas Eve, 1863.

RANÇOIS-MARIE AROUET, DIT VOLTAIRE (1694 – 1778) Philosophe et écrivain des Lumières ayant participé à l’Encyclopédie, Voltaire met en scène ses idées dans des contes, des nouvelles et des pamphlets. Sa prose spirituelle fait de lui un polémiste de génie. Candide (n° 31), Zadig ou la Destinée (n° 77), L’Ingénu (n° 180) et La Princesse de Babylone (n° 356) sont disponibles chez Librio.

Spanish realist (1852-1901) best known for the novel _La regenta_. Alas is also known as Clarín.

John Milton (1608–1674) was an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost (1667), written in blank verse. Milton's poetry and prose reflect deep personal convictions, a passion for freedom and self-determination, and the urgent issues and political turbulence of his day.

L. Frank Baum (1856-1919) published The Wonderful Wizard of Oz in 1900 and received enormous, immediate success. Baum went on to write seventeen additional novels in the Oz series. Today, he is considered the father of the American fairy tale. His stories inspired the 1939 classic film The Wizard of Oz, one of the most widely viewed movies of all time.

MinaLima is an award-winning graphic design studio founded by Miraphora Mina and Eduardo Lima, renowned for establishing the visual graphic style of the Harry Potter and Fantastic Beasts film series. Specializing in graphic design and illustration, Miraphora and Eduardo have continued their involvement in the Harry Potter franchise through numerous design commissions, from creating all the graphic elements for The Wizarding World of Harry Potter Diagon Alley at Universal Orlando Resort, to designing award-winning publications for the brand. Their best-selling books include Harry Potter and the Philospher’s Stone, Harry Potter Film Wizardry, The Case of Beasts: Explore the Film Wizardry of Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, The Archive of Magic: Explore the Film Wizardry of Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, and J.K. Rowling’s Fantastic Beasts screenplays. MinaLima studio is renowned internationally for telling stories through design and has created its own MinaLima Classics series, reimagining a growing collection of much-loved tales including Peter Pan, The Secret Garden, and Pinocchio.

J. M. Barrie (1860-1937) was a Scottish playwright and novelist best remembered for creating the character Peter Pan. The mischievous boy first appeared in Barrie's novel The Little White Bird in 1902 and then later in Barrie's most famous work, Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up, which premiered on stage in 1904 and was later adapted into a novel in 1911. An imaginative tale about a boy who can fly and never ages, the story of Peter Pan continues to delight generations around the world and has become one of the most beloved children's stories of all time. Peter's magical adventures with Tinker Bell, the Darling children, and Captain Hook have been adapted into a variety of films, television shows, and musicals.

Hans Christian Andersen was a Danish author and poet best remembered for his fairy tales, both original and retold, including the beloved classics "Thumbelina," "The Emperor's New Clothes," "The Fir Tree," "The Steadfast Tin Soldier," "The Princess and the Pea," "The Red Shoes," "The Ugly Duckling," and "The Snow Queen." 

Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher and author. Born into a line of Protestant churchman, Nietzsche studied Classical literature and language before becoming a professor at the University of Basel in Switzerland. He became a philosopher after reading Schopenhauer, who suggested that God does not exist, and that life is filled with pain and suffering. Nietzsche’s first work of prominence was The Birth of Tragedy in 1872, which contained new theories regarding the origins of classical Greek culture. From 1883 to 1885 Nietzsche composed his most famous work, Thus Spake Zarathustra, in which he famously proclaimed that “God is dead.” He went on to release several more notable works including Beyond Good and Evil and The Genealogy of Morals, both of which dealt with the origins of moral values. Nietzsche suffered a nervous breakdown in 1889 and passed away in 1900, but not before giving us his most famous quote, “From life's school of war: what does not kill me makes me stronger.”

Mary Shelley (1797-1851) was an English writer and the author of the acclaimed novel Frankenstein. In 1814 she married Romantic poet and philosopher Percy Bysshe Shelley, before publishing Frankenstein anonymously two years later. Frankenstein remains one of literatures timeless classics and has inspired countless films, plays, and novels.

Léon Tolstoï (1828-1910) est un écrivain russe resté célèbre surtout pour ses grands romans, notamment Guerre et paix (1869) et Anna Karénine (1877).

Jorge Ricardo Isaacs Ferrer nació en Santiago de Cali, el 1 de abril de 1837 y murió en Ibagué, el 17 de abril de 1895. Novelista, escritor y poeta colombiano del género romántico. Jorge Se sabe poco de su infancia. amaica.
En 1854, luchó en las campañas de Cauca contra la dictadura del general José María Melo, por 7 meses. Su familia atravesó por una difícil situación económica a causa de la guerra civil.
En 1856 se casó con Felisa González Umaña, quien contaba por entonces diecinueve años, y que le daría abundante descendencia y perseverancia para que se escudara de ellos.
En 1860 tomó de nuevo las armas para combatir al general Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, que se había levantado contra el gobierno central, y combatió en la batalla de Manizales.
En 1861 murió su padre; terminada la guerra, Isaacs regresó a Cali para encargarse de los negocios paternos, llenos de deudas. Tuvo que desprenderse de las haciendas "La Rita" y "La Manuelita". Sus desventuras económicas le llevaron en busca de abogados a Bogotá, donde encontró eco su actividad literaria. Leyó sus poemas a los miembros de la tertulia "El Mosaico", quienes decidieron costear su publicación (Poesías, 1864).
En 1864 supervisó los trabajos del camino de herradura entre Buenaventura y Cali. Durante el año en que desempeñó este trabajo, comenzó a escribir su novela María. En esta época, así mismo, debido a lo insalubre del clima, contrajo paludismo, enfermedad que lo conduciría a su deceso a los 58 años de edad.
Militó al principio en el Partido Conservador, pero después adhirió al liberalismo radical y, en 1870, fue nombrado cónsul general en Chile. A su regreso, intervino activamente en la política de Cauca, tanto como editor de periódicos como representando a su departamento en la Cámara de Representantes. Intervino de nuevo en las luchas políticas de 1876, en las que tomó de nuevo las armas. Fue expulsado de la Cámara de Representantes en 1879, a raíz de un incidente en que Isaacs, ante una sublevación conservadora, se proclamó jefe político y militar de Antioquia.
Tras este incidente, se retiró de la política, y publicó, en 1881, el primer canto de un extenso poema que no llegó a concluir, titulado Saulo. Nombrado secretario de la Comisión Científica, exploró el departamento de Magdalena, en el norte de Colombia, hallando importantes yacimientos de carbón, petróleo Los últimos años de su vida los pasó retirado en Ibagué (donde había dejado alojada su familia añ...

Ignacio de Loyola (Loyola, c. 23 de octubre de 1491-Roma, 31 de julio de 1556) fue un militar y luego religioso español, surgido como un líder religioso durante la Contrarreforma. Su devoción a la Iglesia católica se caracterizó por la obediencia absoluta al papa.